Application Handbook
127Pages

SHIMADZU Excellence in Science Application Handbook

Content 1. Environmental Analysis 1.1. TOC determination in drinking water 1.2. TOC determination in wastewater 1.3. TOC determination in surface water and groundwater 1.4. TOC determination in seawater 1.5. TOC determination in solid samples using the suspension method 1.6. TOC determination in particle-containing samples – cellulose test according EN 1484 1.7. Determination of particulate organic after filtration (glass fiber suspension) 1.8. TOC determination in solids 1.9. Determination of microbial biomass in soils – TOC in soil science 2. Pharmaceutical Industry 2.1. TOC determination...

SHIMADZU Excellence in Science

1. Environmental analysis 1.1. TOC determination in drinking water 1.2. TOC determination in wastewater 1.3. TOC determination in surface water and groundwater 1.4. TOC determination in seawater 1.5. TOC determination in solid samples using the suspension method 1.6. TOC determination in particle-containing samples – cellulose test according EN 1484 1.7. Determination of particulate organic after filtration (glass fiber suspension) 1.8. TOC determination in solids 1.9. Determination of microbial biomass in soils – TOC in soil science A clean environment is the basis for a healthy life....

SHIMADZUExcellence in Science Application News Sum parameter - Total Organic Carbon Drinking water is one of the main important and life-sustaining food stuffs and is essential to the survival of all known organism. It is a crucial component for metabolic processes and serves as solvent for many bodily solutes. Water for human consumption must be free from pathogens, pleasant to drink and pure. Continuous monitoring is carried out according to European Drinking Water Regulation to ensure the greatest possible security ■ European Drinking Water Directive The Directive is intended to protect...

Application News The organic fraction is only 1% of the total carbons. A TOC determination via the difference method (TOC = TC - IC) will not be appropriate in this case, as the calculated TOC value is prone to large statistical errors. Example: TC = 100 mg/l (RSD = 2%) ± 2 mg/l (98 - 102 mg/l) IC = 98 mg/l (RSD = 2%) ± 1,96 mg/l (96,04 - 99,96mg/l) Based on error propagation the total error is ± 3,96 mg/l TOC (calc.) = 2 mg/l ± 3,96mg/l (- 1,96 - 5,96 mg/l) The total error is bigger than the TOC-result, negative results are possible. According to European Standardization EN 1484...

SHIMADZUExcellence in ScienceApplication News Sum parameter Total Organic Carbon TOC - Determination in wastewater NO. SCA-130-102 Wastewater is water that has been contaminated by use. In terms of its composition, wastewater is not homogeneous but as diverse as its possible sources. According to the German Water Resources Act (Wasserhaushaltsgesetz, WHG) wastewater is defined as follows: “Wastewater is 1) water whose properties have been changed by domestic, commercial, agricultural or other use and the water (sewage) discharged with it during dry weather conditions as well as 2) the...

Application News A TOC-Lcpn was used for the analysis. To ensure efficient use of the instrument for large sample quantities, the fully automated dilution function and the additional high-salt sample kit were applied. With a dedicated function, samples could be diluted up to a factor of 1:50. For the phenol-containing wastewater, the sample was diluted by a factor of 1:10. The high-salt sample kit increases the lifetime of the catalyst for high salt loads. To test long-term stability, more than 300 injections of the saline wastewater were compared. The graph shows the stability...

SHIMADZUExcellence in Science Application News NO. SCA-130-103 Sum parameter Total Organic Carbon The German Water Resources Act (Wasserhaushaltsgesetz, WHG) serves the purpose of “sustainable water management to protect waters as a component of the ecological balance, as a basis of human existence, as a habitat for animals and plants as well as a usable good”. The various water types are defined in this act. ■ Definitions according to WHG Groundwater is defined as “water that is below the surface of the ground in the saturation zone and in direct contact with the ground or subsoil”....

■ TOC-L To prepare the sample accordingly, the ISP module of the TOC-L automatically acidifies the sample and strips the CO2 originating from the TIC. The excellent particle tolerance of the analyzers enables analysis of particle- automatic dilution function, multi-point calibrations can be generated from a single standard. In the investigation of unknown surface waters or groundwater, one of the samples may exceed the calibration range. In this case, the TOC Control-L software offers an option for automatic dilution to bring the sample back within the calibration...

SHIMADZU Excellence in Science Sum parameter - Total Organic Carbon Application NewsTOC - Determination in seawater NO. SCA-130-104 TOC is an important indicator of the degree of organic contamination. TOC determination is used extensively to detect and study environmental and seawater pollution. In recent years, increased attention is being paid to the measurement of the nitrogen compounds (TN = Total Nitrogen) responsible for eutrophication. ■ Seawater samples Seawater has an average salinity of 3.5% mass fraction. The total salinity fluctuates depending on each ocean. The Baltic Sea has...

■ Kit for high-salt samples The TOC-L series features a kit for high-salt samples, which significantly increases instrument availability. Using this kit in a seawater application, it was possible to carry out 2500 injections without maintenance (injection volume of 40 pL). The kit consists of a combustion tube with a special geometry and a unique catalyst mixture. Tab. Melting point of different salts ■ Simultaneous TN determination using the TNM-L Based on the similar oxidation process, the TNb determination can be carried out simultaneously with the TOC measurement. For this application,...