Straight TalK tooth wear and risk of chipped teeth — small notch in tooth at the gumline P eriodontal disease, tooth, and bone loss Excessive Overjet • Chipped • or fractured front teeth rauma to front teeth T What type of malocclusion do you have? edge-to-edge bite • Risk of teeth chipping and breaking Teeth that are not aligned properly in your mouth create what dentists call “malocclusion.” Left untreated, malocclusion can lead to periodontal disease and create abnormal amounts of stress on teeth and jaws, which leads to premature wear. about crooked teeth Why are crooked teeth a problem? How to Reduce Your Risk of Periodontal Disease Here are some potential issues: joint pain S hortened or worn down front teeth Buildup of plaque and tartar harmful periodontal bacteria Open Bite of periodontal disease, tooth, and bone loss — small notch in tooth at gumline G um recession, loose teeth and bone loss premature wear on back teeth Spacing • Food • Risk of sore, tender gums A Potential Health Risk If left untreated, malocclusion can lead to periodontal disease and premature wear of teeth that can worsen over time and even result in tooth loss. Periodontal disease may also increase the risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (hardening of the arteries). 6, 7 Prevalence and distribution of selected occlusal characteristics in the US population, 1988-1991. Brunelle, et. Al. Journal of Dental Research (2/96) Baurind S. Angle Orthod. (1992) Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment. Zachrisson S, Zachrisson BU. Angle Orthod (1/72) Comparison of microbial composition in the subgingival plaque of adult crowded versus noncrowded dental regions Chun-Hsi Chung, DMD, MS/Robert L. Vanarsdall, DDS/ Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti, DMD/Jill S. Baldinger, DMD/ChernHsiung Lai, DMD, PhD. Int’l Journal of Adult Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery (2000) Effects of crowding in the lower anterior segment - a risk evaluation depending upon the degree of crowding Staufer K, Landmesser H. Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics. (1/04) I ncreased Prevalence of Cardiovascular and Auto-Immune Diseases in Periodontitis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Willem Nesse, Pieter U. Dijkstra, Frank Abbas, Fred K.L. Spijkervet, Astrid Stijger, Jan A.H. Tromp, Johan L. van Dijk, Arjan Vissink. Journal of Periodontology (6/2010) R eport of the Independent Panel of Experts of The Scottsdale Project. Casey Hein, Charles Cobb, Anthony Iacopino, et al. Grand Rounds (2007) Periodontitis: a future risk of acute coronary syndrome? A follow-up study over 3 years. Renvert S, Ohlsson O, Pettersson T, Persson GR. Journal of Periodontoly. (7/2010) Periodontal disease and tooth loss. Ong G. Int’l Dental Journal (6/98) Periodontal considerations in the use of bonds or bands on molars in adolescents and adults. Boyd RL © 010 Align Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 M20140, REV 2 lodges between teeth Deep bite • Over-erupted lower front teeth that can damage the palate wear and chipping of the lower front teeth

Malocclusion and Periodontal Disease Malocclusion: A Risk to Overall Health Malocclusion affects 74% of American adults.1 If you have malocclusion, it may affect your periodontal health, because it is difficult to remove plaque when teeth are not aligned. Periodontal disease can begin as gum redness or bleeding while brushing your teeth or using dental floss, and you may notice halitosis, or bad breath. If not treated, gum inflammation can become worse, leading to soft tissue damage, receding gums, the formation of pockets between teeth and gums, bone loss, and eventually tooth loss. Severe periodontal...