Antibody and sample diluent for minimizing nonspecific binding, cross-reactivities and matrix effects in immunoassays Storage: 2 – 8 °C or -15 to -30 °C (tolerates repeated freezing and thawing cycles) contains < 0.0014 % [w/w] reaction mass of CMIT/MIT (3:1) Expiry date when stored unopened: see label on the bottle For general laboratory use Fields of application: ELISA: dilution buffer for specimen and detection antibodies Western blotting: dilution buffer for primary and secondary antibodies Immunohistochemistry: dilution buffer for primary and secondary antibodies Protein arrays: dilution buffer for specimen and detection antibodies Instructions for use LowCross-Buffer® is ready-to-use. Please shake the buffer thoroughly before use. Dilution of the specimen: Standards and samples for ELISA and protein arrays should be diluted with LowCross-Buffer® at 1:2 or higher. A useful dilution for most applications is 1:10 (1 part sample in 9 parts LowCross-Buffer®). Standards and samples should be treated identically. Dilution of antibodies: Antibodies can be diluted as required in LowCross-Buffer® according to the respective recommendation for dilution in the antibody data sheet. This applies to both primary and secondary antibodies. Appearance of signal reduction: The LowCross®-effect suppresses low and medium affinity binding events. As a consequence, a slight signal reduction may occur if polyclonal antibodies (which generally also contain low- and medium-affinity binding components) are used. In this case, the amount of high-affinity antibodies can be raised by moderately increasing the antibody concentration in order to achieve the desired signal strength again. The unwanted low and medium-affinity binding will remain suppressed by the LowCross®-effect. When using low- or medium affinity monoclonal antibodies, signal deletion may occur as the LowCross®effect completely suppresses their binding. We recommend the use of suitable high-affinity antibodies. The suitability of LowCross-Buffer® for the respective assay and the respective conjugates must be tested by the user. Regardless of the use of LowCross-Buffer®, it is necessary to saturate surfaces such as ELISA wells or membranes with a blocking buffer to avoid non-specific binding. For this purpose, we recommend The Blocking Solution (article no. 110). In rare cases, e.g. samples with high-affinity heterophilic antibodies, interferences may still occur when using LowCross-Buffer® and The Blocking Solution. In such cases, the use of Assay Defender® (article no. 180) may be useful.

LowCross-Buffer® can also be used as a wash buffer for particularly interference-prone and sensitive assays such as immuno-PCR. For further information please visit www.candor-bioscience.com. LowCross-Buffer and Assay Defender are registered trade marks of CANDOR Bioscience GmbH. .