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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S

APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S
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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S

Product catalog summary
Overview
Aperio Image Analysis provides a digital pathology solution aimed at enhancing research workflows through automation and quantitative analysis. It is designed for research use only and not for diagnostic purposes. The platform enables users to extract more data from digital slides, automate batch image analysis, and maintain standardized records.
Key Features
  • Automation and Efficiency: Automates batch image analysis, reducing the need for manual slide scoring and allowing for more data generation from tissue samples.
  • Standardization: Offers quantitative, standardized data for various applications, ensuring consistent and reproducible results.
  • Integration: Integrates seamlessly with the Aperio Digital Pathology platform, supporting whole slide images and regions of interest directly from the scanner.
Algorithms and Applications
  • Aperio GENIE: Uses machine learning for tissue pattern recognition, enabling users to train the algorithm to identify specific tissue types in digital images.
  • Aperio Membrane: Analyzes cell membrane staining for protein analysis, providing cell counts and intensity classifications.
  • Aperio Nuclear: Offers automatic nuclear quantification for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, allowing detailed morphological analysis.
  • Aperio Cytoplasmic: Provides quantitative analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear staining, useful for complex IHC patterns.
  • Aperio RNA ISH: Enables accurate counting of RNA ISH signals, maintaining tissue morphology and providing reproducible results.
Use Cases and Flexibility
  • The platform supports a wide range of applications, including tumor analysis, immune cell profiling, and molecular assays.
  • Algorithms are adaptable to various stains and can be customized for specific research needs.
Conclusion
Aperio Image Analysis is a powerful tool for digital pathology, offering flexibility, automation, and precision in research applications. It supports a broad spectrum of assays and is backed by extensive peer-reviewed publications.
Detailed Algorithm Descriptions
  • RNA ISH Algorithm: Automates the quantification of RNA signals in tissue samples using color-coded chromogens, providing output parameters like total cell count and RNA ISH scores.
  • Color Deconvolution Algorithm: Separates stained tissue images into multiple color channels for precise measurement of stain area and intensity.
  • Colocalization Algorithm: Separates chromogens and classifies pixels based on chromogen composition, aiding in protein colocalization determination.
  • Rare Event Algorithm: Detects and quantifies rare stained cells, automating the detection process and providing essential outputs for biomedical research.
  • Microvessel Analysis Algorithm: Quantifies angiogenesis by analyzing microvessel density and distribution, providing standardized data on vessel characteristics.
  • Cellular Immunofluorescence Algorithm: Enables multiplex analysis of fluorescent dyes, aiding in the interpretation of complex staining patterns.
  • FISH Amplification/Deletion Algorithm: Automates detection and quantification of gene amplification or deletion events, providing standardized scoring for FISH images.
Advanced Algorithms
  • FISH Breakapart/Fusion Algorithm: Automates detection and enumeration of genetic break-apart and fusion events using colored probes.
  • Area Quantification FL Algorithm: Quantifies up to three fluorochromes in an image, providing data on intensity and colocalization.
Specifications and Procedures
  • FISH algorithm involves automatic nuclear segmentation and signal detection.
  • Area Quantification FL Algorithm involves setting thresholds for fluorochromes and determining colocalization.
Norms and Recommendations
These algorithms are intended for research use only and are not suitable for diagnostic procedures. They are optimized for use with specific Aperio scanners and file formats.
Data Interpretation
Provides output parameters for the Area Quantification FL Algorithm, including total analysis area, stained area, and percentages of colocalization for different fluorochrome combinations.
Company Information
Leica Biosystems is a global leader in workflow solutions and automation, with a mission to advance cancer diagnostics. The company operates in over 100 countries and offers a range of products to improve workflow efficiency in medical imaging.
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Catalog excerpts

APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-2

Enhance Your Workflow with Automation Do you have a digital pathology slide scanner? xtract more data from your images with quantitative E image analysis Do you have large volumes of slides to score? utomatic batch image analysis works in the A background so you don‘t have to Do you worry about the accuracy of slide scoring? et quantitative, standardized data for a wide variety G of applications Do you find it time-consuming to maintain records of results? esults are automatically saved with digital R slide records and exported for further use Tumor and infiltrating lymphocytes in breast H&E...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-3

Experience the Full Power of Digital Pathology with Aperio Image Analysis Unlimited assays provided by each algorithm ptimize & save flexible parameters to assist in O automating multiple assays Rapid set up & walk away protocol for batch analysis 5 clicks to analyze a batch of slides using your saved parameters Seamless workflow within Aperio Digital Pathology platform atch analysis of scanned slides supports whole slide B images & regions of interest straight from the scanner Wide range of applications & use cases nique & extensive outputs for each algorithm with U detailed color overlay Optimized...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-4

Aperio has a Flexible Menu of Image Analysis Algorithms Image Analysis RUO Menu peer-reviewed publications using Aperio Image Analysis Algorithms (PubMed database search for ‘Aperio’) Unlimited colors supported by algorithm Number of colors supported by algorithm in a single application A Key Tool for Many Applications in Published Biomedical Research For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-5

Aperio Image Analysis Algorithms at the Click of a Button COMPATIBLE STAINS Aperio GENIE • BRIGHTFIELD • FLUORESCENCE • Machine Learning • issue pattern recognition software T • rain to automatically identify tissue of interest in T digital images • ny chromogen, fluorochrome, counterstain, H&E, A special stain • xample: tumor regions of interest; kidney glomeruli; E pancreatic islets Aperio Membrane • BRIGHTFIELD • Antibody Assays • IHC of membrane antigens • rovides cell count for different intensity classes P • nly Brown membrane staining with Hematoxylin O counterstain • Example: HER2, PD-L1,...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-6

Aperio GENIE Algorithm Machine Learning Histology Pattern Recognition Aperio GENIE is an interactive image analysis tool for differentiating tissue subtypes within a digital slide. This Convoluted Neural Network (CNN) can be trained by the user with examples to automatically identify regions of interest for research, e.g. distinguishing tumor from normal tissue, or xenograft from native tissue. TISSUE CLASSIFICATION FOR BRIGHTFIELD AND FLUORESCENT IMAGES 1 Aperio Genie Classifier v1 1. Original digital image of H&E stained human breast tissue. 2. Aperio GENIE mask, with user-defined color-coded...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-7

Aperio Membrane Algorithm Quantitative IHC Cell Membrane Analysis Cell-by-cell segmentation of membrane staining enables analysis of target membrane proteins. This is fundamental to a number of applications, such as cancer characterization and design of personalized therapies. Manual membrane segmentation is challenging with IHC, as the cellular membrane is visible only in the stained cells. The Aperio Membrane Algorithm uses complex cell modeling techniques to identify both stained and unstained cell membranes, then quantifies the intensity and completeness of the staining with a high level...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-8

Aperio Nuclear Algorithm Automatic IHC Nuclear Quantification Manual nuclear quantification can be time-consuming and subjective, particularly where staining is heterogenous or nuclei are in close proximity. Accurate cell-by-cell nuclear counting allows morphological analysis and quantification of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of target proteins. FLEXIBLE NUCLEAR SEGMENTATION AND ANALYSIS ORIGINAL TISSUE ANALYSIS MASK ORIGINAL TISSUE NEGATIVE STAINING ANALYSIS MASK POSITIVE STAINING Original tissue showing negative (Hematoxylin) blue and positive (DAB) brown chromogen nuclear locations....

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-9

Aperio Cytoplasmic Algorithm Automatic Positive and Negative Cytoplasm Quantification Manual analysis of complex IHC staining patterns involving nuclei and cytoplasm can be especially laborious when the nuclei are obscured by strong intensity staining. Automated and quantitative analysis of cellular staining is now possible for any IHC stain with the flexible Aperio Cytoplasmic Algorithm, producing results for both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for a biomarker. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CYTONUCLEAR STAINING ORIGINAL TISSUE ANALYSIS MASK Nucleus 3+ Nucleus 2+ Nucleus 1+ Nucleus 0+ STRONG STAINING...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-10

Automatic RNA In Situ Hybridization Quantification RNA ISH (Ribonucleic acid in situ hybridization) enables identification of individual copies of molecular targets within tissue, while maintaining morphology, a feature often lost in other methods such as PCR. Manual RNA ISH interpretation is time-consuming, subject to inter/intra-observer variability and typically employs semi-quantitative reads. The Aperio RNA ISH Algorithm enables accurate counting of individual signals across the tissue, providing standardized, reproducible results, including valuable per-cell data for export. STANDARDIZATION...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-11

Aperio Color Deconvolution Algorithm Separate and Analyze Chromogenic Stains The Aperio Color Deconvolution Algorithm separates a stained tissue image into multiple (up to 3) color channels, corresponding to the actual colors of the stains used. This enables the user to measure both the area and intensity of each stain across the tissue, even when the stains are superimposed at the same location. Final analysis masks are determined by the user: choose to display any 1 of the 3 separated colors or its corresponding intensity range. SEPARATE YOUR CHROMOGENS PIXEL BY PIXEL 1 1. Original scanned...

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APERIO I M AG E A N A LYS I S-12

Aperio Colocalization Algorithm Determine Colocalization of your Chromogen Stains In histology, a variety of staining methods are used to target different types of tissues, cellular structures and for detection of specific proteins: conventional histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Colocalization of multiple antigens is an important part of larger scientific studies, which seek to determine a correlation between the occurrence of these proteins and the outcome of a specific disease treatment. The Aperio Colocalization Algorithm separates chromogens and classifies each...

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