Common Approaches for Centrifugation in the Laboratory Cell centrifugation is an indispensable step in common cell experiments. It not only allows adherent samples to settle completely at the bottom of the tube, but also helps confirm cell concentration. The centrifuged samples can be used for subsequent experiments such as primary cell culture, cell passage culture, single cell sequencing, etc. Different approaches for centrifugal separation should be adopted according to the type of cells and organelles. centrifugation? 01 Differential centrifugation Differential heterogeneous mixture based on particles' sedimentation rate while gradually increasing centrifugal force. It is typically used for laboratory sample separation, such as organelle mitochondria, chloroplasts, proteins and viruses. Separation steps Step 1: Set a relatively lower speed to allow high-density particles to settle to the bottom of the tube, while the medium-small sized particles in the mixture are still suspended in the supernatant. Step 2: Collect the sediment. The resulting supernatant from step 1 could be centrifuged at a higher speed to separate relatively medium or small sized particles and so on. Figure 1. Differential centrifugation -1-

02 Density gradient centrifugation Density gradient centrifugation, also known as zonal centrifugation, includes rate zonal centrifugation and isodensity centrifugation. 1.Rate zonal centrifugation Rate zonal centrifugation is typically used to separate cells or organelles with similar density but different sizes. Load the density gradient media such as sucrose, glycerin, CsCl and Percoll into the centrifuge tube first. One thing worth noting is that the density of the sample particles must be higher than the density of any point in the gradient liquid column. Given the separated particles have...

Figure 3. Isodensity centrifugation RWD High-Speed Benchtop Refrigerated Centrifuge provides intelligent centrifugation, adapting various applications from micro to medium throughput with a speed up to 18,000 rpm (30,000×g). Offer a broad selection of rotors and adaptors (swing-bucket rotors and fixed-angle rotors) to meet different customers’ needs. The capacity of M1416R ranges from 24 x 2mL to 4 x 400mL, and the plate rotor also accommodates PCR and deep-well plates. In addition, equipped with a 7-inch touch screen, M1416R provides visual operation and a personalized account management system...