Overview

This document describes training phantoms designed for ultrasonic observation of tissue damage, specifically targeting the detection and understanding of bed sores (pressure ulcers) and deep tissue injuries (DTI) at common high-risk anatomical sites: the sacral region and the greater trochanter region.

Product Sets and Specifications

M193-1: DTI Training Set

• Main body unit weight: 1.7 kg
• Includes sacral blocks (5 pieces, 6.5 kg total, size W180×D160×H55 mm) and greater trochanter blocks (5 pieces, 4.2 kg total, size W160×D150×H55 mm)
• Accessories: Baby powder
• Approved by Prof. Hiromi Sanada, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo

M193-2: Basic Set

• Main body unit weight: 1.7 kg
• Includes one sacral block (normal) and one greater trochanter block (normal)
• Total weight: 2.2 kg
• Accessories: Baby powder

Training and Usage

The phantoms allow training in ultrasonic imaging to identify and understand various stages and types of bed sores and DTIs. Training focuses on two key anatomical points where DTIs commonly occur: the sacral region and the greater trochanter region.

Positions for training include lateral positioning for the greater trochanter and prone positioning for the sacral region. The phantom supports imaging from multiple directions, including minor and major axes, to simulate clinical ultrasonic observation.

Clinical Features and Ultrasonographic Findings

• Mild Bed Sore (Category/Stage I-II): Presents mild pink discoloration on the skin surface, edema, and hypoechoic areas on ultrasound. Key features include loss of superficial fascia and localized low brightness areas, enabling confirmation of early-stage bed sores.
• Moderate Bed Sore: Characterized by edema and abscess formation visible on ultrasound.
• Severe Bed Sore (Category/Stage III-IV): Includes deep tissue injury with possible pocket formation around the lesion, difficult to detect from the skin surface but identifiable via ultrasound by observing extensive tissue damage.

Normal tissue layers such as fat, deep fascia, and muscle are distinguishable with no loss or rupture in healthy areas.

Training Procedures

1. Identification and confirmation of the area of interest using ultrasonic imaging.
2. Extraction and analysis of images along minor and major axes.
3. Observation and differentiation of four typical symptom patterns at the sacral and greater trochanter regions.

Additional Notes

Gel can be used during training to enhance ultrasonic image quality. The use of baby powder is included as an accessory to simulate skin texture and improve handling.

The training phantoms are designed to improve nursing and clinical skills in early detection and assessment of bed sores and DTIs, contributing to better patient care and prevention strategies.